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All Journal ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences BULETIN OSEANOGRAFI MARINA Jurnal Kelautan Tropis
Rabia Alghazeer
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tripoli
Earth & Planetary Sciences

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Journal : ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences

 1 
Producing Active Secondary Metabolite Against Pathogenic Vibrio spp. by Actinobacteria-Sodium Alginate Co-Culture Nuril Azhar; Ervia Yudiati; Subagiyo Subagiyo; Rabia Alghazeer
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 4 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.4.254-264

Abstract

Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio harveyi have been found in aquatic environments and suspected as the primary trigger of WFD (White Feces Disease) outbreaks in aquaculture. This Vibrio spp. has an antibiotic resistance to Ampicillin, Co-Amoxiclav, Amoxicillin, Azithromycin, Actinobacteria and Ciprofloxacin HCL. Actinobacteria and alginate have been reported to increase the marine biota resistance against diseases through prebiotic and probiotic mechanisms. This study aims to discover and increase the secondary metabolite production of Actinobacteria-Alginate and its ability as anti-vibrio. Alginate extraction in the samples dated September 2020 originally from Teluk Awur Bays, Jepara, Central Java, Indonesia (33.73±1.84%) was considerably higher than in May 2021 (22.67±0.3%). Samples were taken from sediment and mangrove root. Actinobacteria strains are macroscopically and microscopically similar to the genus Streptomyces. The most well-known antibiotics were produced by Streptomyces spp. The anti-vibrio test was carried out by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion. The results were observed by measuring the inhibition zone surrounding the paper disc using a digital calliper. Co-culture strain 90 together with alginate have an approved antibacterial activity against all Vibrio spp. in the concentration of 10.disc-1 mg and 5 mg.disc-1. Co-culture Actinobacteria with alginate has remarkably changed the green-yellow color to olive green/dark red-orange (strains 3, 62, 63, 72, and 90), indicating the transformation of the formation alginate with pigments into other compounds through the biosynthetic pathway. Therefore, alginate enables to support of Actinobacteria by induction the active secondary metabolite as an anti-vibrio to counteract the bacterial pathogen diseases.
Oral Administration of Alginate Oligosaccharide from Padina sp. Enhances Tolerance of Oxygen Exposure Stress in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Ervia Yudiati; Rustadi Rustadi; Fanny Iriany Ginzel; Jelita Rahma Hidayati; Mila Safitri Rizfa; Nuril Azhar; Muhammad Salauddin Ramadhan Djarod; Eny Heriyati; Rabia Alghazeer
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 25, No 1 (2020): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (551.591 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.25.1.7-14

Abstract

Alginate is rich in bioactive compounds and has been known to act as a stimulator on the innate immune system. The objective of this study is to determine polysaccharide and oligosaccharide alginate yield, that percentage inhibition with a different type of extraction, to evaluate growth performance as well as immune response by oxygen stress tolerance. Thermal heating with oven laboratory at 140oC for 4.5 hr was done to breakdown the polysaccharide into oligosaccharide. The extraction was conducted by maceration, filtration, precipitation, and centrifugation. Factorial design with two factors was implemented to 260 Zebrafish and reared in thirteen aquariums (20 fish per aquarium) for 12 days. Zebrafish was fed at different dose (4.0g; 6.0g; 8.0g.kg-1) and different type of extraction [noEDTA/noKCl; KCl; EDTA and (EDTAandKCl)]. The evaluation of radical scavenging activity was done spectrophotometrically at 515 nm. Results showed that the highest alginate yield either polysaccharide or oligosaccharide was gained from KCL treatments, percentage inhibition (82.61%), growth performance as well as tolerance of stress (P<0.05). The best growth performance was reached in oligosaccharide supplementation at 6.0g.kg-1 treatment. It can be concluded that alginate oliogosaccharide produced by thermal heating enhanced the antioxidant activity, boost the fish’s immune system, proofed by better growth performance and more tolerant to the low oxygen stress.
Light Intensity Promote Pigment Contents, Biomass Production, Total Lipid and Specific Fatty Acid Profile on Nannochloropsis sp. Culture Ervia Yudiati; Alifia Nabilla Putri; Akbar Harahap; Nuril Azhar; Chrisna Adi Suryono; Danang Ambar Prabowo; Rabia Alghazeer
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 27, No 2 (2022): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.27.2.101-110

Abstract

Nannochloropsis sp is marine microalga and widely cultured for its benefits. Pigments, lipid, and fatty acid compounds of Nannochloropsis sp are essential elements in the industry. This research aimed to determine the best light intensity on the growth rate, cell density and size, biomass, pigments (chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids), total lipid and fatty acid profile. Nannochloropsis sp. culture was carried out with three light intensity treatments (100, 155, and 180 μmol), with two replications. Periodicity was set up (16:8) with the ratio of dark (8h) to light (16h). The highest cell density and total pigment content of 180 μmol were significantly different (p<0.05) with 155 and 100 μmol. The highest weight of chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids were found from the intensity of 180 treatment (p < 0.05), followed by 155 and 100 μmol as the smallest one. The bigger cell size was reached from 180 and 155 treatments compared to 100 μmol treatment. The higher wet weight was gained from 155 (564 grams) and followed by 180 μmol (549 grams). The 100 μmol light intensity produced the lowest wet weight (490 gr) (p<0.05). The highest total lipid content was obtained from 155 μmol treatment (0.14 g ww). The microalgae contain SFA/Saturated Fatty Acids (Palmitic, Stearic Acid) and UFA/Unsaturated Fatty Acid (Oleic Acid). The microalgae from 180 μmol produced Eicosanoic acid (Omega-6). The production of certain compounds has differed in light intensity. In the future, the light intensity can be adapted as the alternative solution for producing microalgae for industrial approach, whether for pigments or biodiesel production.
Supplementation of Carrageenan (Kappaphycus alvarezii) for Shrimp Diet to Improve Immune Response and Gene Expression of White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Ichoun Brawici Dhewang; Ervia Yudiati; Subagiyo Subagiyo; Rabia Alghazeer
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 2 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.2.161-172

Abstract

White shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the leading commodities in aquaculture. In recent years, the shrimp farming industry worldwide has suffered heavy losses due to disease. Increasing the immune system in shrimp using immunostimulants that are more environmentally friendly such as carrageenan from Kappaphycus alvarezii, seems promising. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in immune response and gene expression in White shrimp after carrageenan supplementary diet treatment. This research was using a laboratory-scale experimental method with a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which was analyzed using One Way ANOVA. The treatments were negative control (without carrageenan addition), 5 g.kg-1, 10 g.kg-1, 15 g.kg-1, and 20 g.kg-1 carrageenan supplemented feed. All treatments were replicated three times. 180 L. vannamei with average weight of 6.5±0.66 g is used for research object Total Haemocyte count (THC), Phenoloxidase (PO), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity, and Phagocytic activity/Index (PA/PI) were examined after feeding the White shrimp with diets supplemented with carrageenan in time series sampling. Immune-related gene expression (Lipopolisaccharide Glucan Binding Protein/ LGBP, Pro Pehnol Oxidase/ ProPO, and Lectin Type C/ Lectin) was evaluated by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) at the end of experiment. Results indicated that the immune parameters directly increased according to the doses of carrageenan and time. The 20 g.kg-1 carrageenan treatments gave better results. three immune-related genes expression i.e LGBP, Lectin, and proPO were upregulated.  Therefore, carrageenan supplementation of shrimp feed can improve innate immunity as well as the expression of immune-related genes.
Co-Authors Achmad, M. Djanib Adi Santoso Akbar Harahap Alifia Nabilla Putri Chrisna Adi Suryono Danang Ambar Prabowo Eny Heriyati Ervia Yudiati Ervia Yudiati Ervia Yudiati Ervia Yudiati Fanny Iriany Ginzel Hidayati, Jelita Rahma Ichoun Brawici Dhewang Ichoun Brawici Dhewang Jelita Rahma Hidayati Mila Safitri Rizfa Muhammad Salauddin Ramadhan Djarod Nuril Azhar Nuril Azhar Nuril Azhar Nuril Azhar Nuril Azhar Rustadi Rustadi Subagiyo Subagiyo Subagiyo Subagiyo Subagiyo Subagiyo Zaenal Arifin